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This study focuses on the Mediterranean and South Eastern Europe, an area composed of diverse societies and states, which have been affected in various ways by processes of migrant mobility and cultural diversity. In the analysis we have included three of the older EU member states (Greece, Italy, and Spain), as well as newer (such as Bulgaria, Cyprus, and Romania) and prospective EU member states (such as Turkey, and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia), all of which experience invariably processes of emigration and immigration. The inclusion of these states does not only allow us to address gender and migration in relation to the processes of European integration and enlargement, but also to address the multiple challenges of incoming and out-flowing migration flows, including the importance of return, circular and transit migration. For this purpose we are using an enlarged concept of South Europe.
